87fa76bd-120f-430c-bd67-d1356aa8397cSteel finished cold rolled coilblast furnace routeproduction mix, at plant1kg, typical thickness between 0.3 - 3 mm. typical width between 600 - 2100 mm.Steel finished cold rolled coil (FCRC)ProcessesIndustry dataworldsteelHigh data quality. Data collected on site by steel industry experts in accordance with the worldsteel methodology and ISO 14040 standards, and consistency-checked by worldsteel LCA-experts. Global coke, sinter, pellet, hot metal, slab production based on wordsteel site specific data. Metallurgical coal data based on global IEA statistics and information from the GaBi database. Iron ore data obtained from iron ore producer. Other upstream data based on the GaBi database, including country specific electricity.74Data set is based on a weighted average site-specific data (gate-to-gate) of Global steel producers. Electricity grid mix is country-specific. Other upstream data (e.g. iron ore production) are based on global averages from the steel industry.This dataset includes raw material extraction (e.g. coal, iron, ore, etc.) and processing, e.g. coke making, sinter, blast furnace, basic oxygen furnace, hot strip mill. Details on the steel product manufacturing route can be found in Appendices 2 and 3 of the 2011 worldsteel LCA Methodology Report. The steelmaking processes are shown in the flow diagram. Inputs included in the Life Cycle Inventory relate to all raw material inputs, including steel scrap, energy, water, and transport. Outputs include steel and other co-products, emissions to air, water and land. Further information is given in the 2011 worldsteel LCA Methodology Report. This LCI does not include a credit for recycling of steel at end of life and a burden for steel scrap input during production. This is the preferred approach adopted by worldsteel, detailed in the 2011 methodology report (Appendix 10).Obtained by heat treatment (annealing) and strain-hardening of cold rolled steel in a way to achieve final mechanical properties making the steel suitable for further uses (forming and bending). Finished Cold Rolled Steel includes a wide range of different steels which can be classified into the following main groups: formable steels, high strength formable steels, weathering structural steels, structural steels, hardenable steels. It can be found on the market in coil or in sheets and is further processed into finished products by the manufacturers.
Finished Cold-rolled Steel features excellent forming properties, electromagnetic properties, paintability, weldability, and is suitable for fabrication by forming, pressing and bending. Applications include domestic applications, automotive applications, lighting fixtures, electrical components (stators, rotors) and various kinds of sections roofing applications, profiled sheets, wall elements, etc.worldsteel blast furnace.jpgworldsteel excl recycling.jpgLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - net calorific valueSubstitution - average, technical properties correctionFull details of the allocation principles are provided in section 4.6 of the 2011 worldsteel Methodology Report.All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneCriteria are set out in the methodology report for the recording of material flows and to avoid the need to pursue trivial inputs/outputs in the system. These are outlined below:
# All energetic inputs to the process stages are recorded, including heating fuels, electricity, steam and compressed air.
# The sum of the excluded material flows must not exceed 5% on the basis of mass or energy or be environmentally relevanct. However, in reality at least 99.9% of material inputs to each process stage are included.
# Wastes representing less than one percent of total waste tonnage for given process stages arre not recorded unless treated outside of the site. Criterion 2 is attainable because site input tonnages are weighed by relatively few inputs such as iron ore, pellets, limestone, scrap, dolomite, olivine, serpentine, metallic additions, refractories, coke, sinter, hot metal, and intermediate steel products which account for >99% of material inputs to each process stage.NoneData on steel making unit processes collected on site. Where data is missing for specific relevant flows it is necessary to provide an average value determined from those sites that have provided the data. LCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneRelevant upstream data (of the GaBi database or other associations) is used according to the worldsteel boundary conditions, e.g. for iron ore, coke, zinc etc.NoneGaBi databases 2006The World Steel Association Steel Statistical Yearbook, 2010, available via www.worldsteel.org contains information on steel product tonnages.This data set includes steel production, from cradle to steel factory gate.
This LCI does not incorporate the burden of using steel scrap in the steel making process, and the recyclability of steel from the product at the end of its life. Information about the worldsteel recycling methodology can be found in the 2011 worldsteel methodology report (Appendix 10) and data that include this are also available.
Attention should be made when using this data for studies that compare steel and cement-replacement concrete using blast furnace or BOF slag, since the substitution approach in the worldsteel methodology means that the benefit of replacing cement with blast furnace slag may not be consistent with the methodology for accounting for the use of slag in the concrete systems.No statementThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.worldsteel2011 worldsteel Methodology ReportThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.worldsteel Review panel 20112011 worldsteel Critical Review ReportILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedNot compliantFully compliantNot compliantFully compliantNot definedworldsteelWorldsteel Life Cycle Inventory Study for Steel Industry Products, 2011The primary goals of the study are to develop a unified and rigorous LCI methodology for steel products worldwide in accordance with the worldsteel position paper on LCA and related ISO14040 set of standards to provide reliable data to meet requests from customers and external studies. Further goals are to promote the environmental credentials of steel and to develop steel industry expertise in the subject. To quantify resources use, energy and environmental emissions associated with the processing of 15 steel industry products are currently considered from the extraction of raw materials in the ground through to the finished product at the steel factory gate. It is also possible to consider the burdens and credits associated with the recycling of steel scrap (this can be seen in the dataset including recycling). The data set represents a cradle to gate inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs. The data set does not necessarily fit for any possible specific supply situation - especially if significantly different technology routes exist - but is representative for a common supply chain situation.worldsteel2014-12-01T00:00:00+01:00ILCD format 1.1PE INTERNATIONALworldsteel2014-12-01T00:00:00+01:0009.00.000Data set finalised; entirely publishedworldsteeltrueOtherworldsteel has provided PE International the permission to include the LCI information (cradle-to-gate) on 15 steel industry products (both for European and Global coverage) not including credits for scrap resulting from recycling of steel at end of life as well as two LCI information (cradle to gate) one describing the value of steel scrap as well as the credit of steel scrap in to the GaBi databases. The worldsteel data provided for the ILCD database also includes cradle to gate datasets with end of life credits for recycling, assuming an end of life recycling rate of 85%. The data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies. Any use of the LCI data outside of the GaBi software and databases should not be considered before having received any written permission from worldsteel. Please note also, that any modifications/omissions of the data set results in invalidity of any existing 'Official approval of data set by producer/operator'. The impression must be avoided that this would still be a complete worldsteel data set.Steel finished cold rolled coilOutput110.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivation