b35faef6-a74d-40db-b715-0909ef4515ebElectricity from wasteAC, CHP, dry flue gas treatment, without waste collection, transport and pre-treatmentproduction mix, at power plant1kV - 60kVPower from waste, Waste-to-Energy (WtE)ProcessesEnergy conversionElectricity supplyElectricity grid mixElectricity from wasteThe data set covers all relevant process steps and technologies along the supply chain. The share of the waste fractions and the elementary composition of the incinerated municipal solid waste (MSW) represent the average European waste treated thermal. The used MSW composition does not include separate collection of certain waste fractions like paper or glass. The waste fraction share and the elementary composition of the MSW are shown in the table and pie chart below. The data set covers all relevant process steps for the thermal treatment and corresponding processes, such as disposal of air pollution control residues or metal recycling. The inventory is mainly based on industry data and is completed, where necessary, by secondary data.97The data set represents the average national or region specific electricity production based on waste. Main technologies for firing, flue gas cleaning and electricity generation are considered according to the national or region specific situation. The energy balance and the composition of the municipal solid waste (MSW) reflect the situation in Europe.Foreground system:
The data set represents the generation of electricity in waste-to-energy plants (WtE) for the thermal treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) with dry flue gas cleaning and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) for NOx-removal to meet the legal requirements. Environmental impacts for waste collection, transport or any pre-treatment of the waste are not included in the data set. The modeled average plant consists of an incineration line fitted with a grate and a steam generator.
The average efficiency of the process steam production is about 82%. Produced steam is used internally as process steam and the balance is used to generate electricity or exported as heat or process steam to industry or households. The energy balance for the plant is modeled, using specific data from the "CEWEP Energy Report 2004-2007" (2008) representing 231 waste-to energy plants in Europe. Per ton of treated MSW 0.02 GJ electricity and 0.04 GJ of fuels and thermal energy are (are imported. Per ton of treated MSW (net calorific value: 10.0 GJ/t) 1.12 GJ electricity and 3.43 GJ thermal energy are feeded to the electricity grid, industrial customers and households. This results in a net efficiency of 44.2% of the average plant.
The flue gas treatment system uses a dry technology with adsorbent and a SNCR system for NOx-reduction. The NOx reducing agent ammonia is directly injected into the furnace and reacts with the NOx to nitrogen and water. The flue gas is conditioned, adsorbents added and filtered with fabric filters. Lime milk and small parts of hearth furnace coke are used as adsorbents; a part of the adsorbents is re-circulated. The fly ash together with the adsorbent is mixed together with the boiler ash (treatment of APC residues see below).
For the emissions HCl, HF, NOx, VOC, N2O, CO, NH3, SO2, dust, dioxins and the heavy metals As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb mean emission values per cubic meter of cleaned flue gas published in the BREF document "Waste Incineration" of the European Commission are used. Due to the wide range of emissions for some elements and substances the mathematical mean values are adjusted with additional real plant data. The emission of all other elements and the distribution of all elements and substances into the different residues are calculated by means of transfer coefficients.
The bottom ash, approximately 220 -250kg/t of MSW, is quenched, ferrous scrap and partly non-ferrous metals (aluminum, copper, brass, zinc, lead) are recovered and a three month ageing process is done to stabilize the bottom ash. The produced bottom ash after metal recovery and ageing is re-used as construction material (and will leave the system as bottom ash for re-use). The APC residues (approximately 40-45kg/t of MSW) including boiler ash, filter cake and slurries are disposed in underground deposits salt mines. The disposal in underground deposits without free water and contact to ground water reservoirs is modeled as emission free. The operation of the underground deposit is included. Transports for bottom ash and APC residues independent of the different routes are considered.
All important utilities and auxiliaries used in the waste incineration plant are included in the system. To calculate the credits for the recovered ferrous metal scrap a "value of scrap" data set was used, i.e. the environmental burdens for the remelting and processing of the scrap are taken into account in the system boundaries. Credits for an eventual recovery of non-ferrous metals are not given.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Standard End-of-Life operation for solid municipal waste (MSW) via thermal treatment. Supply of 1 kWh medium voltage (1kV - 60kV) electricity to final consumers.Energy_Electricity_from_Waste-to_Energy.JPGEnd-of-life_incineration_flowchart.jpgEnergy_waste_fraction_share_MSW_2010.jpgEnergy_waste_composition_MSW_2010.jpgEnd-of-life_incineration_emission_factors_2010.jpgThe net calorific value of the input to the waste-to-energy plant is calculated based on the elementary specification of the waste (input spec). The input specification includes the following chemical elements and compounds which are addressed by the model: Ag, Al, AlOx, As, ash, Ba, Br, C (fossil, biogenic, inorganic), Ca, Cd, Cl, CN, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, H, H2O, Hg, J, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, NH4, Ni, O, P, Pb, S, Sb, SiO2, Sn, SO4, Ti, Tl, V, Zn. The material flow within in the plant is further tracked using individual transfer coefficients for every chemical element and through all stages of the waste-to-energy plant. The modeled air emissions of the flue gas of the incinerator are: As, Ba, Cd, Co, CO, CO2, Cr, Cu, dioxins, HBr, HCl, HF, HJ, Hg, Mn, N2O, NH3, Ni, NMVOC, NOx, particles, Pb, Sb, Sn, SO2, Tl, V, Zn. In addition slag, boiler and filter fly ash and recycled metals are modeled.
The transfer of the elements and substances into the different mediums (bottom ash, APC residues and air) is done by transfer coefficients based on real plant, and literature data as well as based on expert judgment.
Some of the chemical elements respectively tracked substances leaving the system are input dependent. That means there is a stoichiometrical correlation between input and output. For other chemical elements the relation is depending on the used technology. The output of these substances is a function of the used technology and therefore independent of the specific elementary input composition.
Input dependent parameters are for example the input of the elements: C, H, Cl, F, S, N and metals, and the corresponding emissions like CO2. The amount of slag, boiler and filter ash produced is also input dependent.
Technology dependent parameters are for example: CO, VOC and dioxin emissions, use of adsorbent and the composition of the slag, boiler and filter ash.LCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - exergetic contentSubstitution - recycling potentialFor the combined heat and power (CHP) production allocation by exergetic content is applied. Carbon steel gained is substituted by using a recycling potential process. Plant emissions and also credits for the recovered ferrous metal scrap are allocated based on the settings for average MSW and the element content of the specific waste input.All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95% of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98% of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgment).Waste is entering the Waste-to-Energy product system without any environmental burden (burdens are allocated to the primary life cycle of the product in which the waste is generated, e.g. burdens of packing material becoming wastel are allocated to the product).The data sources for the complete product system are sufficiently consistent: Operation data are from industry. The transfer coefficients for the elements (used to allocate the different elements and substances to the different mediums air, bottom ash, air pollution control residues) and the energy and utility consumption of the waste-to-energy plant are determined based on industry data (real plant data) and a comprehensive literature research. LCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneThe data set represents the thermal treatment of waste in waste-to-energy plants with dry flue gas cleaning and SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) for NOx removal. The energy balance is estimated based on expert judgment. The emissions are either calculated based on scientific sound transfer coefficients and the elementary composition of the waste or represent European plant and BAT data. Transfer coefficients of some heavy metals are extrapolated from elements with comparable behavior. The behavior of bottom ash and air pollution control residues at a landfill is considered. Credits for metals are included.NoneWind in power 2011 - European statisticsWind - 2011 Annual ReportStatistical Yearbook 2011Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2013Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2013Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2013Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2013World Energy Statistics 2013Electricity Information 2013K.Weissermel, H.- J. Arpe: Industrial organic chemistryCopper development association: Overview of Recycled CopperSmelter Tech: The Reverberatory Furnace Process for the production of a plasticized polyvinyl butyral for gluing a base onto a glazingLookChem: Manufacture of 1.12-Dodecanedioic AcidChlorpropanes, Chlorobutanes, and Chlorobutenes: Chapter in Ullmann's, 2011eGrid2012 Version 1.0Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2011Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2011Renewables Information 2011Electricity Information 2011Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990 - 2008 and inventory report 2010Air pollutant emissions in Finland 1990-2008 Informative Inventory report2da Comunicacion Nacional de la Republica Argentina2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories13. Verordnung zur Durchführung des Bundes-ImmissionsschutzgesetzesAustria's National Inventory Report 2010Austria's Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2010Australian National Greenhouse Accounts (NIR)Australian electricity generation report 2008Appendix H: Calorific Value, Price, and Emission Coefficients of Energy KindsAppendix 17 Thermal values and Emission factors energy.xls GWP conversion factors 2006Anthropogenic Emissions from Energy Activities in IndiaEmission Estimation Technique Manual for Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation Version 2.3Emisiones atmosféricas de las centrales eléctricas en América del NorteEMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook - 2009Electricity Gas AustraliaElectric Power Industry 2009: Year in ReviewDigest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2010Denmark's National Inventory report 2010Danish Emission inventories for stationary combustion plantsCompilation of Air Pollutant Emission FactorsClimate change - Immision InventoryBVT - Festlegung in ausgewählten industriellen Bereichen als Beitrag zur Erfüllung der Klimasch...Brennstoffe und Verbrennungsrechnung, 2. AuflageBrennstoffe und VerbrennungsrechnungBelgium's Greenhouse Gas Inventory (1990-2008)Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Finland 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Estonia 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emission in EstoniaGHG Inventories 2008 - Common Reporting Format (CRF)Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in DeutschlandErarbeitung der Grundlagen für das BVT - Merkblatt GroßfeuerungsanlagenEnvironmental Report 2008Energy Futures and Urban Air Pollution: Challenges for China and the United StatesEmissionsschätzungen für SO2, NO2, NMVOC und NH3 in Deutschland 2000-2020Emissionsfaktoren und KohlenstoffgehalteEmissions of greenhouse gases in Iceland from 1990 to 2008Evaluation Criteria Investment Proposals (translated from hellenic)Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Reports of Spain 1990-2008Life Cycle Inventory for Electricity Generation in ChinaLiechtenstein`s Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report 1990 -2008Latvia's Informative Inventory 1990- 2008Italian Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2008Ireland - Informative Inventory Report 2010Inventory of the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (1990 -2008)Inventaire des emissions des grandes installations de combustion en FranceIntegrated Report 2010Informative Inventory ReportIndia's Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeOrganisation et methodes des inventaires nationaux des emission atmospheriques en FranceNIR pour la France au titre de la convention cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiquesNew Zealand's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 - 2007National Inventory Report for 1985-2008 - HungaryNational Inventory Report 2010 SwedenNational Inventory Report 2010 NorwayNational Inventory Report 2010 for Greenhouse Gas EmissionsNational Inventory Report 2010National Inventory Report 2010National Inventory ReportNational Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of the Czech Republic, NIRNational Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of JapanNational Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory Report 2009 of the Republic of LithuaniaLuxembourg´s National Inventory Report 2010 (1990 -2008)Lithuanians's Informative Inventory 2008Switzerland's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2008Sumas Energy 2 Generation Facility Air Quality Issue SummarySubmission under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and under the Kyoto Protocol 2010Slovenia's National Inventory Report 2010Slovak Republic National Inventory Report 2010Romania's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1989-2008Romanian Informative Inventory 2008Renewables Information 2010Power Hungry: Reinventing The U.S. Electric GridPower Connections: Canadian Electricity Trade and Foreign PolicyPortuguese National Inventory Report on Grennhouse Gases, 1990-2008Portuguese Informative Inventory 1990-2008Poland's Informative Inventory 2010UK Greenhouse gas inventory, 1990 to 2008Turkey Greenhouse gas Inventory, 1990 to 2008The European Pollutant Release and Transfer RegisterTelefonische Recherche - Preis KraftwerksnebenprodukteErstellung der Grundlagen für einen harmonisierten und fortschreibbaren Datensatz des dts StrommixesAir pollutant emissions from stationary installations using bioenergy in the NLs BOLK Phase 2Bioenergy Development in G8+ 5 CountriesBiokraftstoffeDirective 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009Renews SpezialRichtlinie 2009/28/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 23. April 2009The State of Renewable Energies in EuropePlant-by-Plant emissions of SO2, NOx and dust and energy input to large combustion plants covered...The CEA Mercury programChloroprene - Données technico-économiques sur les substances chimiques en France - 2006Full fuel cycle greenhouse gas emission analysis for proposed Kwinana CCGT power stationWasserkraftanlagenWasserkraftanlagenThe Issue of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydroelectric Reservoirs: From Boreal To Tropical RegionsSnowy Mountain SchemeSetting up LC Models for the environmental analysis of hydropower generationLCA av Vattenkraft - Blanda LandsvirkjunHydropower Development in Brazil: Experiences and perspectivesHydroelectric Pumped Storage Electricity Net GenerationElectricity - consumption by pump-storage plantsDeutsche WasserkraftindustrieAusbaupotential der WasserkraftEPA - Health and Environmental Effects Profile for 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene, 1984Análise economica para a Substituição do uso de combustível por NGC no transporte público de passageKinetics of Palm Oil Transesterification in a Batch Reactor2011 Domestic Uranium Production Report, 20122011 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, 2012Uranium 2011: Resources, Production and Demand, 2012Nuclear fuel supply China, 2012Annual Report 2011, 2012Die Versorgung Deutschlands mit Uran - Stand 21/07/2010, 2010World Nuclear AssociationUmwelterklärung Urenco Deutschland GmbHSystemstudie: Andere EntsorgungstechnikSustainability Report 2009Sustainability of Uranium Mining and Milling: Toward Quantifying Resources and Eco-EfficiencySources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing RadiationRapport Public Annuel 2009Rapport environnemental, social, sociétal, de sûreté nucléaire et de radioprotection 2008Martin Marietta- Magnesia specialitiesRadiation Protection No 153Radiation Protection No 143Nuclear Fuel Cycle Risk AssessmentGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generation Chains - Assessing The DifferenceProduction of iron oxideEvaluation of Environmental-Control Tech. for Commercial Nuclear-Fuel-Conversions (UF6) FacilitiesMeGlobal- Diethylene GlycoleEnrichment and Conversions of Fission Reactor Fuel ElementsEnriching the futureElectricity Information 2004Donald R. Sadoway A thermochemical analysis of anhydrous magnesium chlorideOsmotischer DruckAuswertung PV-LeistungVerhaltenes Lächeln auf langen GesichternThin Film 2010: Market Outlook to 2015Sustainability: keeping the Thin Film Industry greenSolar Generation V - 2008Levos- Production of magnesiaPV Status Report 2009Potential of solar electricity generation in the EU member states and candidate countriesPhotovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS)Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS)Photovoltaic CellsMethodology Guidelines on Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaic ElectricityGlobal market outlook for photovoltaic until 2013Environmental Life Cycle Inventory of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic System ProductionGlobal PV Demand Analysis and ForecastPhotovoltaik & Renewable Energy ReportsPhotovoltaik-Markt Deutschland - Eine ErfolgsstorySENSE - Sustainability Evaluation of Solar Energy SystemsUpdate of the environmental indicators and Energy Payback Time (EPBT) of CIS Modules and scenario...Update of environmental indicators and energy payback time of CdTe PV systems in EuropePhotovoltaic Fact Sheets - The Status of the PV IndustryKunststoffverwertung im Kanton Zug, 2004Pääkaupunkiseudun kotitalouksien sekajätteen määrä ja laatu (Waste study of MSW in Helsinki), 2004Heavy metals in waste incineration, 1993Contribution of spent batteries to the metal flows of municipal solid waste, 2005Einsatz von Ersatzbrennstoffen in einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, 2003Fachabteilung Abfall und Stoffflusswirtschaft: Restmüllzusammensetzungen 2003, 2003Aufkommen, Beseitigung und Verwertung von Abfällen im Jahr 2004, 2006Messung der Güter- und Stoffbilanz einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, 1995Trender och variationer I hushällsavfallets sammansättning, 2005Distribution of seven heavy metals in European household waste in components, 1989Biologisch abbaubarer Kohlenstoff im Restmüll, 2003Evaluation program for municipal solid waste incineration plants, 1999Untersuchung von Batterieverwertungsverfahren und -anlagen, 2001Transfer coefficients, residues and technology of modern waste incinerators, 2007Abfalldatenblatt Altöl - Stoffliche Zusammensetzung/Schadstoffbelastung der Altöle, 2002Ökobilanzierende Untersuchung thermischer Entsorgungsverfahren für brennbare Abfälle, 2005Regenerative Anteile in Siedlungsabfällen und Sekundärbrennstoffen, 2001Management of Bottom Ash from WtE Plants, International Solid Waste Association, 2006ISWA paper on handling of APC residues, 2003Management of APC Residues from WtE Plants - An overview of important management options, 2003Evaluation report 2006, Municipal Wasteplan 2003-2007, 2006Characterisation and management of residues from municipal solid waste incineration, 1995Getting a charge out of the waste stream: the status of consumer battery recovery, 1992Modelling waste incineration for life-cycle inventory analysis in Switzerland, 2001Restmüllzusammensetzungen in Niederösterreich 2001-2002, 2002Klimarelevanz der kommunalen Wiener Abfallwirtschaft, 2005Chemische Zusammensetzung industriell hergestellter Gläser, 2007National Waste Report 2005: Data Update, 2005IPPC - Reference Document on the Best Available Techniques for Waste Incineration, 2006Batterien und Akkumulatoren sowie Altbatterien und Altakkumulatoren, 2003EUROSTAT - Waste generated and treated in Europe, Data 1990-2001, 2003EUROSTAT - Municipal waste management in accession countries, 2002Abfallbilanz 2005 für die Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf, 2006Der Beitrag der therm. Abfallbehandlung zu Klimaschutz, Luftreinhaltung und Ressourcenschonung, 2002Key facts about: Waste and Recycling - Household waste and recycling 1983/4 - 2005/6, 2007Value from waste - Amsterdam vision on waste-2-energy management, 2006Thermally Treated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Waste-to-Energy plants 2005, 2005Erhebung der Kehrichtzusammensetzung 2001/2002, 2003The use of chemical composition data in waste management planning - A case study, 2005Thermische Behandlungsanlagen Siedlungsabfall, 2007Zusammensetzung und Schadstoffgehalt von Siedlungsabfällen, 2003MODECOM Méthode de Caractérisation des Ordures Ménagères, période 2003-2006, 2006Eurostat - Treatment of waste 2008CEWEP Energy Report II (Status 2004-2007), 2009Thermische Abfallbehandlung in Deutschland aktuellEnergie aus Abfall 2008MSW in the USBioenergy RecoveryWaste-to-energy in JapanLife cycle assessment of electricity produced from onshore sited wind power plantsWorld Wind Report 200995.02008-2014NoneThe data set can be used for all LCA/CF studies where medium voltage electricity from waste is needed. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs. It should be considered that this data set is an approximation to reality. The used LCA model of an average WtE plant and the average composition of MSW do not exist in reality and efficiencies, emission values, transfer coefficients and elementary composition will differ if a specific WtE plant will be analysed.All relevant flows quantifiedAcidification, accumulated exceedanceAnthropogenic Abiotic Depletion Potential (AADP), TU BerlinBlue water consumptionBlue water useCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (FAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl biogenic carbonCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), excl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), incl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), Land Use Change only, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Human Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (MAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)Ecotoxicity for aquatic fresh water, USEtox (recommended)EDIP 2003, Acidification potentialEDIP 2003, Aquatic eutrophicationEDIP 2003, Global warmingEDIP 2003, Photochemical ozone formation - impact on human health and materialsEDIP 2003, Photochemical ozone formation - impact on vegetationEDIP 2003, Stratospheric ozone depletionEDIP 2003, Terrestrial eutrophicationFreshwater eutrophication, EUTREND model, ReCiPeHuman toxicity cancer effects, USEtox (recommended)Human toxicity non-canc. effects, USEtox (recommended)I02+ v2.1 - Aquatic acidification - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Aquatic ecotoxicity - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Aquatic eutrophication - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Carcinogens - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Global warming 500yr - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Ionizing radiation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Land occupation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Mineral extraction - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Non-carcinogens - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Non-renewable energy - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Ozone layer depletion - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Photochemical oxidation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Respiratory effects - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Terrestrial acidification/nutrification - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Terrestrial ecotoxicity - MidpointIonising radiation, human health effect model, ReCiPeIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC global warming, excl biogenic carbonIPCC global warming, incl biogenic carbonMarine eutrophication, EUTREND model, ReCiPeOzone depletion, WMO model, ReCiPeParticulate matter/Respiratory inorganics, RiskPollPhotochemical ozone formation, LOTOS-EUROS model, ReCiPePrimary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (net cal. value)ReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Water depletionResource Depletion, fossil and mineral, reserve Based, CML2002Terrestrial eutrophication, accumulated exceedanceTotal freshwater consumption (including rainwater)Total freshwater consumption, including rainwater, Swiss EcoscarcityTotal freshwater useTRACI 2.1, AcidificationTRACI 2.1, Ecotoxicity (recommended)TRACI 2.1, EutrophicationTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, LUC only, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Human Health Particulate AirTRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Ozone Depletion AirTRACI 2.1, Resources, Fossil fuelsTRACI 2.1, Smog AirUBP 2013, Carcinogenic substances into airUBP 2013, Energy resourcesUBP 2013, Global warmingUBP 2013, Global warming, incl Land Use ChangeUBP 2013, Global warming, Land Use Change onlyUBP 2013, Heavy metals into airUBP 2013, Heavy metals into soilUBP 2013, Heavy metals into waterUBP 2013, Land useUBP 2013, Main air pollutantsUBP 2013, Mineral resourcesUBP 2013, Non radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Ozone layer depletionUBP 2013, Pesticides into soilUBP 2013, POP into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into airUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Water pollutantsUBP 2013, Water resourcesUSEtox, Ecotoxicity (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)The LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.PE INTERNATIONALLBP-GaBiIBP-GaBiOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,8 interpreted into "good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation scheme
ILCD = 1,9 interpreted into "basic overall quality" in the ILCD quality validation scheme
PEF = 1,8 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the PEF quality validation schemeThe dataset and systems, which are provided with our software and databases for public use into a broad user community, are constantly used, compared, benchmarked, screened, reviewed and results published in various external, professional and third party LCA applications in industry, academia and politics. So user feedback via the online GaBi forum or direct via user information is a standard routine in the maintenance and update process and leads to stable quality and constant control and improvement of data, if knowledge or technology improves or industrial process chains develop or change.GaBi user forumGaBi bug forumGaBi user communityGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedUNEP SETAC Life Cycle InitiativeNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedFully compliantFully compliantNot definedFully compliantNot definedPE INTERNATIONALThis background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.PE INTERNATIONAL2014-12-01T00:00:00+01:00ILCD format 1.1PE INTERNATIONALNo official approval by producer or operator2014-12-01T00:00:00+01:0009.00.000Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesPE INTERNATIONALtrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of PE INTERNATIONAL AG. PE INTERNATIONAL AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.ElectricityOutput3.63.60.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivation